Periodic Table
Compare elements

BUILT ON EVIDENCE

Science has a source.

Trace the data. Understand the choices.

01

PubChem / NIH

Atomic numbers, symbols, electron configurations and reference physical properties. Local snapshot retrieved 23 September 2026.

02

CIAAW / IUPAC

Abridged Standard Atomic Weights 2024, including stated uncertainties. For elements without a standard weight, bracketed isotope mass numbers follow the IUPAC periodic table of 4 May 2022.

03

Royal Society of Chemistry

Reference for our short, independently worded notes on uses and natural occurrence. Element pages link to the corresponding entry.

04

USGS

Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026. Production charts label the commodity and year; they are not export statistics.

05

UN Comtrade

A linked resource for international trade data. No live trade feed is connected to this website.

Editorial method

Category colours follow PubChem. Some classifications vary between references. Unknown values are shown as missing, not zero. Superheavy-element properties may be predictions, so their state is shown as unknown here.

Scientific prose and Arabic translations are editorial drafts prepared with AI assistance, not a claim of independent expert review. A chemistry educator should review the material before classroom or public launch. This is an educational reference, not a laboratory procedure.